Russian silver hallmarks. The Russian standard for silver was based on ' zolotnik '.

St. Corners and ends of spine lightly bumped and rounded. Please see my other auctions for more collectibles. Explore the intricate symbols and patterns that adorn these timeless pieces. Our app features a comprehensive database of silver hallmarks, along with detailed information about the maker, date, and origin of each piece. 120 - 150. 875 purity, it is usually accompanied by a maker's or town mark. Iran. Hallmark on silver sample 1908. To navigate the site, it is easiest to use the green menu bar at the top of the screen. Est. P. Learn about the history and meaning of Russian silver hallmarks, including the standard unit of zolotnik, the cyrillic alphabet, and the touch marks of famous silversmiths. Dec 15, 2009 · Guide to Russian silver hallmarks by Paul L. 900 and A 2 for . 1720-1732 1771 1774 1808. Russian City Marks ~ Moscow & St. 1908-1917 silversmith IA. No rule without exception! The larger spoons are sometimes (very rarely) also on the back of the stems marked - often found in "better known" manufacturers. 84 standard mark = . The prices have The Russian standard for silver was based on ' zolotnik '. I've searched the forums, but I believe it hasn't been asked before. Russian antiques are rare and extremely collectable, and becoming investments as they continue to Russian Silver Marks Overview. Russian Silversmiths' Hallmarks: 1700 to 1917. It's the tiny "875" mark (it's about 2mm in length) in the middle that I'm curious about. Nowadays, there are less and less disputes over the comparison between 585 and 583 hallmarks. Russian Gold and Silver - Alexander von Solodkoff; Trefoil Books, 1981 Russian Silver - Andrei Gilodo; Beresta Moscow, 1993 Znaki srebra do lat 40. Size 8. Pricing and identification guides for Russian Silver. Soviet 15 carat gold laser hallmark for Moscow. -Petersburg on May, 30th, 1846. c. 800, both County mint offices were established in 1696 to supervise the fineness of gold and silver manufactures. Consquently, it has become very collectable and has been fetching description. Purity degree 925, 835 and 800 per thousand Mar 2, 2018 · ENGLISH TRANSLATION OF THE RUSSIAN SILVER & GOLD HALLMARKS FROM CATALOGUE by POSTNIKOVA-LOSEVA . XXIX + 34 pages. In the metric system, one zolotnik equals Discover the history and significance of antique Russian silver hallmarks. In the years 1733-1741, the eagle marks included the city name "МОСКВА". Moskow 1908-1917 (P-L #3887) silversmith Egor (Georgiì) Tarasovich Samoshin (Postnikova-Loseva #2390) 48. Published by the author in 1976. No more hours spent researching and trying to decipher the markings – our app Russian Gold and Silver - Alexander von Solodkoff; Trefoil Books, 1981 Russian Silver - Andrei Gilodo; Beresta Moscow, 1993 Znaki srebra do lat 40. 26 grams. Petersburg . The left example shows the large guarantee mark (Minerve) & maker's mark. dwudziestego wieku w Polsce - Sławomir Bołdok; Mako Press, 2005 925-1000. Go to reputable dealers, auction houses, and museums. com •• www . Buy Guide to Russian silver hallmarks by (ISBN: ) from Amazon's Book Store. 46) and 30 December 1970 n. Condition: Good. by Goldstein » Sun May 05, 2019 6:08 pm. The town mark depicts the double headed imperial eagle halved above an overturned silver jug spilling water. description continues below the picture- DISCUSSION: One of the handiest and most popular guides to Russian silver hallmarks. Standard marks for large and medium gold work used 1814-1953, these marks were always used in combination with office mark and date letter. 1496) introduced new hallmarks for silver and precious metals. g. I (which I'm sure is not the Khlebnikov mark upside down), so far so good. It can also represent a silver plate quality mark, indicating the total amount of silver contained in a specified number of pieces - generally one dozen each of table spoons and forks (24 total). Most of silversmith's touch marks are in cyrillic alphabet. 1893 silversmith Gustav Gustavovich Klingert (Postnikova-Loseva #3046) 49. 2B). Pictorial Marks. 900 silver. The example is for . 15 loth = 937/1000. Sold Individually. This mark shows the head of a girl in profile, wearing the traditional Russian high These men were not trivial makers, their names are simply not known. This is a page of A Small Collection of Antique Silver and Objects of vertu, a 1500 pages richly illustrated website offering all you need to know about antique silver, sterling silver, silverplate, sheffield plate, electroplate silver, silverware, flatware, tea services and tea complements, marks and hallmarks, articles, books, auction catalogs, famous silversmiths (Tiffany, Gorham, Jensen Jun 4, 2023 · The Russian system of hallmarks includes a mark for the city of production, the date of the piece, the standard of gold or silver used and the name of the maker. ,” which represent the initials of the silversmith; the letters “M. Jun 9, 2024 · About this item. Antique Russian Imperial solid silver tea spoon with enamel 84 Zolotniki hallmarks weight 18g. Geoffrey Watts. The sailing ship was also used in an arched top cartouche from 1769-1813. Paulson, 1976, Paulson edition, in English Jun 26, 2007 · Some examples for silver zolotnik marks until 1899: - zolotnik 84 for silver with the city of St. This is a page of A Small Collection of Antique Silver and Objects of vertu, a 1500 pages richly illustrated website offering all you need to know about antique silver, sterling silver, silverplate, sheffield plate, electroplate silver, silverware, flatware, tea services and tea complements, marks and hallmarks, articles, books, auction catalogs, famous silversmiths (Tiffany, Gorham, Jensen Top Hallmark Example • Maker's Mark (W. Moskow 1868 silversmith Pavel Akimov Ovchinnikov (Postnikova-Loseva #2826/2827) assayer Viktor Savinkov (P-L #2112) 47. Numbers and Province letter were maintained. Piece by piece, these elements form a story waiting to be unveiled. Oct 24, 2023 · Decoding silver hallmarks may seem daunting, but it’s akin to learning a new language. 4. 20th Cent. Originating with the ancient Romans, it involves filling an engraved silver surface with a molten silver, copper, lead, and sulfur mixture. To find Kovels’ silver hallmarks’ database, go to “Look for your mark. This decorative technique can be found on many objects, including boxes, cigarette cases, flatware, belt With just a few taps on your smartphone, you can easily identify the marks on your antique silver and uncover its history. Sections for American, British and World marks, plus many useful reference articles for silver collectors. 00. (147) $135. Old Sheffield Plate Marks ~ 1784 to 1836. A variety of marks can be seen on works by Fabergé, associated with the different branches of the firm. See examples of Faberge, Klingert, Grachev, and more, and compare with sterling values. Е" for Ivan Yevstigneyev, 1881. Soviet Era Modernism Circa 1960s. Korea. Awarded. Online Encyclopedia of Silver Marks, Hallmarks & Makers' Marks Russian City & Town Marks Menu • www . This is a page of A Small Collection of Antique Silver and Objects of vertu, a 1500 pages richly illustrated website offering all you need to know about antique silver, sterling silver, silverplate, sheffield plate, electroplate silver, silverware, flatware, tea services and tea complements, marks and hallmarks, articles, books, auction catalogs, famous silversmiths (Tiffany, Gorham, Jensen This is a page of A Small Collection of Antique Silver and Objects of vertu, a 1500 pages richly illustrated website offering all you need to know about antique silver, sterling silver, silverplate, sheffield plate, electroplate silver, silverware, flatware, tea services and tea complements, marks and hallmarks, articles, books, auction catalogs, famous silversmiths (Tiffany, Gorham, Jensen RUSSIAN ANTIQUE SILVER HALLMARKS OF SILVERSMITHS RUSSIAN MAKER'S MARKS. Initial Marks. •. A. The second in that he separates the Latin alphabet maker marks from the cryillic maker marks, which is helpful. The mark was modified to a polygogonal shape and a star was added on the left. Learn more about this item. Maker marks, years for specific silver marks, Cyrillic alphabet and black and white illustrations of Russian silver hallmarks a selection of marks used in Imperial Russia on silver, enamel silver, niello silver, filigree silver most of silversmith's and assayer's monograms are in cyrillic alphabet: click here Postnikova-Loseva # and P-L #: ref. And descriptions of city marks for other cities; also silversmiths marks. ). R. The Spoons Aug 15, 2006 · Geoffrey Watts. Because Vallejo enjoyed a unique and historically important relationship with the Russian enclave at nearby Fort Ross, the finding of Russian items in his household is especially interesting. { note - Many British makers' marks, especially in the 18th & earlier 19th centuries, are nearly identical. In good aesthetic condition, look at the photos which are an integral part of the description. 950) •. With the fall of the Communist Regime and the freeing of travel restrictions to Russia, plus the growing wealth of many more of the Russian people, there has been an exceptional growth in interest of Russian silver Awarded. This page of Birmingham Maker's Marks is organized alphabetically by the first letter in the mark. When a mark is found that carries a crown, it usually indicates that it was marked in a country that has or had a monarch as the head of state. The name comes from 'zoloto' meaning gold. Covers have minor wear and soil. Includes city marks for Moscow and St. anchor for Birmingham, leopard's head for London, etc. The farther a piece was made from the main population centers of Oslo (Christiana), Bergen and Trondheim, the more likely there were to be mark inconsistencies. Online Encyclopedia of Silver Marks, Hallmarks & Makers’ Marks: Russian Hallmarks ~ Imperial Period Every effort is made to ensure the accuracy of the information at the time it is posted, but due to the changing nature of the Internet the accuracy cannot be guaranteed. First standard mark was a Lyre. com • The Laws 30 January 1968 (Legge 30 gennaio 1968 n. The elements are as follows: A - Maker's Mark - in this case, "MK" for Mathias Kilpeläinen. 0 out of 5 stars, ships from Mechanicsville, VA, UNITED STATES. In the metric system, one zolotnik equals The main features of the Soviet stigma: a Cyrillic letter denoting an assay office; a convex or flat star with a hammer and sickle; sample number; rectangular shield with oval edges. by L&S. 1496 (D. I have a question about the Russian "875" mark. In the late 18th Century, Polish lands were divided amongst the superpowers of Russia, Prussia, and Austria. Writing inside front cover and on title page. This is a page of A Small Collection of Antique Silver and Objects of vertu, a 1500 pages richly illustrated website offering all you need to know about antique silver, sterling silver, silverplate, sheffield plate, electroplate silver, silverware, flatware, tea services and tea complements, marks and hallmarks, articles, books, auction catalogs, famous silversmiths (Tiffany, Gorham, Jensen Austro-Hungarian Hallmarks 1866-1922 • Austria Austrian Hallmarks after 1922 • Belgium top left ~ 1831 - 1868, Second standard mark for . The lion mark was used c. Postnikova-Loseva exceptional work on silversmithing in the territory of former Russian Empire. The marks on the bottom of a piece of silver can be an indication of the age, maker, and origin of the piece. New hallmarks with the "Habsburg coat-of arms" were introduced in 1696 and maintained until 1737. Used primarily in during the Meiji period (1868-1912) and for a short period after. From 1327 onward, it became an offence to sell any precious metal in Great Britain and its territories without appropriate hallmarks. It’s always worth looking at the real thing. Hanau Pseudo-Marks. Re: Russian 84 silver spoons: fake or not. This is a page of A Small Collection of Antique Silver and Objects of vertu, a 1500 pages richly illustrated website offering all you need to know about antique silver, sterling silver, silverplate, sheffield plate, electroplate silver, silverware, flatware, tea services and tea complements, marks and hallmarks, articles, books, auction catalogs, famous silversmiths (Tiffany, Gorham, Jensen SOLD for 130 was lot 178 an unusual silver pin cushion in the form of a #duck with textured body. 800 silver. Sep 23, 2006 · The hallmarks are represented by the letters “E. The Russian standard for silver was based on ' zolotnik '. Petersburg, 1838. Our online antiques & collectibles reference guides for Russian Silver are constantly updated and are always available on any Internet device. Located in Poland. Hallmarking for each section fell under the systems of the ruling empires. These marks are commonly known as "Kokoshnik". 1967-79. 1930. # on 'Gold and silver manifacture in Russia XV-XX century' by Postnikova-Loseva and others (2003) An extensive reference guide to silver marks, hallmarks, trademarks and maker's marks found on antique and vintage silver, especially sterling and coin silver, and silverplate. Find makers marks or hallmarks to identify Russian Silver and research through millions of auction records for Russian Silver to learn the worth of your collection. posted 04-06-2006 02:38 PM. Silverplate Marks Illustrated - Most extensive internet resource for research of Silver Marks, Hallmarks & Maker's Marks. Petersburg from 1825-1838, and the year “1834,” which is the assay date; the numerals “84,” which indicates the Russian silver standard of 875/1000 Some of these marks can be bundled in one mark depending on origin, or they can be absent due to various reasons. Following World War I, an independent state of Poland came into existence for the first time in 123 years and a national system of FABERGE - A BRIEF HISTORY. com • Jan 1, 1976 · Short list of masters and only limited number of hallmarks. This is a page of A Small Collection of Antique Silver and Objects of vertu, a 1500 pages richly illustrated website offering all you need to know about antique silver, sterling silver, silverplate, sheffield plate, electroplate silver, silverware, flatware, tea services 1 - Character mark "jungin" meaning "pure silver". Then click on the appropriate link below to go to the tables of date letters. From 1852-1899, an Imperial Russian Assay office was functioning in Warsaw, the city mark was the Imperial Eagle. First Edition. Official standard marks were A 1 for . 1822 1834 1846 1873 1896. The assay office mark indicates the item’s origin, and the date letter reveals its creation year. #Birmingham. A few decades later, the old 583 gold hallmark has fallen from the first positions of popularity of precious metals. The vast majority of French silver found today was made after 1838 and will bear only two marks; Silver Guarantee & Maker's Mark. . With the fall of the Communist Regime and the freeing of travel restrictions to Russia, plus the growing wealth of many more of the Russian people, there has been an exceptional growth in interest of Russian silver throughout the world. 1 rating1 review. This is a page of A Small Collection of Antique Silver and Objects of vertu, a 1500 pages richly illustrated website offering all you need to know about antique silver, sterling silver, silverplate, sheffield plate, electroplate silver, silverware, flatware, tea services and tea complements, marks and hallmarks, articles, books, auction catalogs, famous silversmiths (Tiffany, Gorham, Jensen Converting the Russian marks to sterling values, we obtain the following comparisons in silver purity degree: 84 zol. There are certainly better books about Russian (empire) silver hallmarking. Moscow, 1895, assayer Anatolii Artsibashev, and the make Kh. Originally, a zolotnik represented a 1/96 of a pound, later 1/72 of a pound. The history, characteristics, and current status of Russian Imperial Era silver as American Sterling & Coin Silver Marks • www . Mar 22, 2007 · Dutch Hallmarks for gold 1814-present. A sailing ship or galera was used in the latter 19th century. ” Other articles and marks can be found in” Silver and Other Metals identification guide and in the Article Mar 23, 2021 · March 31, 2021. The earliest pieces, dating from the 12th century forward, embody Old Russian styles and forms like regal crowns, caps, scepters, charkas and kovshi (traditional drinking vessels). A woman head wearing the Kokoshnik inside contours of various shapes was used from 1899 to mark Russian silver. com Silver Marks Forum - various member posts, 2005-2013 • • • This is a page of A Small Collection of Antique Silver and Objects of vertu, a 1500 pages richly illustrated website offering all you need to know about antique silver, sterling silver, silverplate, sheffield plate, electroplate silver, silverware, flatware, tea services and tea complements, marks and hallmarks, articles, books, auction catalogs, famous silversmiths (Tiffany, Gorham, Jensen Jan 26, 2023 · Silversmithing saw a renaissance during the Russian Imperial Period, which lasted from the late 18th through the early 20th century. K. German Hallmarks • After - 1886. 50, new condition, Sold by Collector's Companion rated 5. Online Encyclopedia of Silver Marks, Hallmarks & Makers' Marks Russian Makers' Marks Menu • www . If you are unable to identify the assay office from one of the town marks below you may have a piece of imported silver. FREE shipping. com • Alphabetical Listing by Maker's Name The Russian standard for silver was based on ' zolotnik '. ”. Unidentified Marks. = 947,9/1000. Petersburg. Lion rampant 1=916 2= 833 Lion passant 750. Hamburg Hallmarks ~ 19th C. Everyday low prices and free delivery on eligible orders. Paulson online at Alibris. In 1741, the imperial eagle after c. Purity Marks Typical 19th Century Russian Hallmarks. ,” which stand for M. C - Standard Mark - 84 zolotniki for . In the metric system, one zolotnik equals Guide to Russian Silver Hallmarks” By Paul E. = 916,6/1000 91 zol. MOSCOW (Москва) The city used the double headed imperial eagle as its mark until 1741. This is a page of A Small Collection of Antique Silver and Objects of vertu, a 1500 pages richly illustrated website offering all you need to know about antique silver, sterling silver, silverplate, sheffield plate, electroplate silver, silverware, flatware, tea services and tea complements, marks and hallmarks, articles, books, auction catalogs, famous silversmiths (Tiffany, Gorham, Jensen S-Z: list of makers marks of Russian silversmiths, a miscellany of antique Russian silver hallmarks and silversmith's hallmark (Russian maker's marks) with alphabetical index una miscellanea di marchi e punzoni dell'argento Russo (anche con il punzone dell'argentiere) une selection illustrée de poincons de l'argent Russe (parfois avec le poincon de l'orfèvre) This is a page of A Small Collection of Antique Silver and Objects of vertu, a 1500 pages richly illustrated website offering all you need to know about antique silver, sterling silver, silverplate, sheffield plate, electroplate silver, silverware, flatware, tea services and tea complements, marks and hallmarks, articles, books, auction catalogs, famous silversmiths (Tiffany, Gorham, Jensen Poland Hallmarks ~ from 1920. Vallejo's Russian Silver Spoons. Your assumption is correct; "84" does not always indicate the old Russian standard of 84/96 or . This long history of British hallmarks makes our hallmarking system one of the most highly structured and respected in the world. It is regularly updated as we find and photograph new examples of silver hallmarks and makers' marks. There is good Russian silver on view in New York, Cleveland, New Orleans, Richmond, and Washington. At the Russian American Company store in Sitka Alaska, we have some fine examples of antique Russian silver from this era, in the form of tableware, enamelware, sterling silver antique 3 bar Russian crosses, and pre-revolutionairy Russian icons. Mint condition (brand new book) PA residents please add sales tax. Welcome This project has been 18 years in the making and now documents over 12,000 silver marks on 1,200+ pages and subpages. This is a page of A Small Collection of Antique Silver and Objects of vertu, a 1500 pages richly illustrated website offering all you need to know about antique silver, sterling silver, silverplate, sheffield plate, electroplate silver, silverware, flatware, tea services and tea complements, marks and hallmarks, articles, books, auction catalogs, famous silversmiths (Tiffany, Gorham, Jensen The Russian standard for silver was based on ' zolotnik '. German Hallmarks • Before - 1886. The mark was drawn by the laser in one continuous line as this was the only way to get a consistent detailed mark. Figure 2. A quartered shield with a small cross to its upper left and a crescent moon to its lower right was used throughout most of the 19th century. Russian Hallmarks ~ Imperial Period ~ City Marks. However, caution is required. Paulson. 14 loth = 875/1000. Approx. Peter Charles Faberge was born in Russia, in St. 875. Learn about the renowned silversmiths of Moscow and St. C. However, the price of 585 is ahead of its competitor by several hundred roubles per gram. 875 purity silver. - zolotnik 88 for silver with the city of Moscow. Start by identifying the maker’s mark, followed by the standard mark denoting purity. This mark is often confused with those of Minsk or Kamenetz-Podolsk. Here is the Russian cyrillic alphabet and the table of comparison with latin alphabet. 2) Buy what you love and be prepared to hold onto it for a while. This is an open ended project, new marks are continually added. Silver artefacts stand out among the many opulent goods created at this time for their exquisite designs and expert craftsmanship. These marks are usually not in close proximity as shown in the This is a page of A Small Collection of Antique Silver and Objects of vertu, a 1000 pages richly illustrated website offering all you need to know about antique silver, sterling silver, silverplate, sheffield plate, electroplate silver, silverware, flatware, tea services and tea complements, marks and hallmarks, articles, books, auction catalogs, famous silversmiths (Tiffany, Gorham, Jensen . His father Gustav, of Huguenot extraction, was an unassuming jeweller who had been independently active since 1841. com Silver Marks Forum - various member posts, 2005-2013 • • • This is a page of A Small Collection of Antique Silver and Objects of vertu, a 1500 pages richly illustrated website offering all you need to know about antique silver, sterling silver, silverplate, sheffield plate, electroplate silver, silverware, flatware, tea services and tea complements, marks and hallmarks, articles, books, auction catalogs, famous silversmiths (Tiffany, Gorham, Jensen Paperback. The unit originated as the weight of a gold coin of the same name which circulated as late as 11th century in Kievan Rus. $82. Apr 23, 2024 · Niello metalwork, known in Russia as Tula, became popular with Russian goldsmiths in the late 1700s. 5 by 11. Russian silver of the pre-Revolution Imperial period is famed for superior quality and a wide variety of fine designs. top right & center row ~ 1868 - 1942, Unofficial Standard marks, hallmarking was not compulsory. Standard mark for small work 750 (minimum or higher) with appendages used 1814-1865. 875 silver, double line around the cartouche indicated . Yogya Silver. Silver Saratoga Chip Server, New York, New York, circa 1891-1902 Marks: TIFFANY & - Available at 2017 February 25 - 27 Fine & Михаил Козыр Similar ideas popular now The system included, at various times and in various combinations; city marks, assayer's marks, date letters, date numbers, and maker's marks. 5 . Visit this site now See all Best of the Web. 13 loth = 812/1000. Stapled binding tight. 2 & 3 - Ordinances of 1928 & 1954 called for use of decimal standard marks (eg. 1700-1720 c. = 875/1000 88 zol. A Tiffany & Co. In 1860, Carl Faberge accompanied his parents on their move to Dresden. To date your silver from its hallmark first identify the assay office (e. Some examples for silver zolotnik marks between 1899-1908: on these marks the kokoshnik facing left. Russian Modernist 875 Silver & Amber Necklace and Ring. Probably those are a bit more expensive but definitely better not speaking about the M. In the metric system, one zolotnik equals Add this copy of Guide to Russian Silver Hallmarks to cart. In 1969, the last digit of the year was moved to the beginning of the manufacturer’s name sign. Vintage Soviet Union Silver Mens Signet Ring Size 9 - Solid 875 Silver Antique Russian Brutalist Rings with Soviet Union Hallmark. The right example the small guarantee mark (boar's head) and maker's mark. Bolin), Town Mark (King Eric/Stockholm), National Mark (three crowns), Silver Standard, and Date Mark (G9 = 1957) { note } Makers' marks are often composed of initials only, not full names. Especially striking are the Russian silver hallmarks borne by each of the matching spoons (Fig. 925-1000 . Karpinsky, the official assayer in St. Silver fineness was indicated in "loth" (until 1867): 12 loth = 750/1000. 30 Dicembre 1970 n. B - Assay Master's Mark/Date - "И. We have new and used copies available, in 0 edition - starting at $15. Petersburg. During the revival of Russian national culture in the late 19th century, these diadem-shaped tiaras became part of the fficial court dress for royalty and ladies-in-waiting. decimal standard mark, usually accompanied by a maker's mark. This mark is referred to as a “hallmark. Gemini Publications, 2006 - Antiques & Collectibles - 256 pages. The design of the laser hallmark was the same as that of the punch hallmark, however as the laser technology was not as advanced as it is today the marks were simplified versions. 46. Buy Guide to Russian Silver Hallmarks by Paul L. 91 pages of text (in English) with translation of about 4000 hallmarks plus 36 pages with images of the marks. The image above illustrates the most commonly noted format of Russian hallmarking as seen throughout most of the 19th century. This is a page of A Small Collection of Antique Silver and Objects of vertu, a 1500 pages richly illustrated website offering all you need to know about antique silver, sterling silver, silverplate, sheffield plate, electroplate silver, silverware, flatware, tea services and tea complements, marks and hallmarks, articles, books, auction catalogs, famous silversmiths (Tiffany, Gorham, Jensen the silver markings guide to maker, town, assayer marks and hallmarks of antique and modern silver: English, American, Russian, Italian, French, German, Austrian, Mexican, Hanau silver, Silver plate, Electroplate silver, Old Sheffield Plate and much more una selezione fotografica di marchi e punzoni dell'argento d'epoca e moderno (anche con il punzone dell'argentiere) e altro ancora This is a page of A Small Collection of Antique Silver and Objects of vertu, a 1500 pages richly illustrated website offering all you need to know about antique silver, sterling silver, silverplate, sheffield plate, electroplate silver, silverware, flatware, tea services and tea complements, marks and hallmarks, articles, books, auction catalogs, famous silversmiths (Tiffany, Gorham, Jensen In Great Britain, silver hallmarks were introduced in the 1320s. a miscellany of antique Russian silver hallmarks and silversmith's mark una miscellanea di marchi e punzoni dell'argento Russo (anche con il punzone dell'argentiere) une selection illustrée de poincons de l'argent Russe (parfois avec le poincon de l'orfèvre) Feb 17, 2017 · 1) Try to see as much Russian silver in person as possible. uf qt gs uc vr ue sp bq zt vp